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Home/ Blog/ The impact of the absence of a 5G core network on Jio proxies, and predictions regarding the technical limitations of Option 6 network deployment

The impact of the absence of a 5G core network on Jio proxies, and predictions regarding the technical limitations of Option 6 network deployment

PYPROXY PYPROXY · May 29, 2025

In recent years, the development of 5G networks has become a focal point for telecommunications companies worldwide, with India’s Jio being one of the frontrunners in the 5G rollout. However, as Jio continues to expand its 5G coverage, a significant issue has emerged: the absence of a complete 5G core network, which has profound implications for the efficiency and scalability of the services Jio can provide. The missing core network functionality brings a set of challenges that affect both its proxy operations and the end-user experience. This article aims to forecast the technical limitations related to Option 6 deployment as an alternative to the full core network setup and assess the long-term impacts of such limitations on Jio’s 5G capabilities.

Understanding the Importance of the 5G Core Network

The 5G core network is central to the functioning of a 5G system, handling everything from network management to data routing. It enables key features such as ultra-low latency, high capacity, and high-speed data transfer, all of which are essential for the seamless operation of modern applications like augmented reality, autonomous vehicles, and massive IoT. Without a complete 5G core network, Jio’s ability to offer these services in their full capacity is severely hindered.

The core network plays a crucial role in managing user data and ensuring that the traffic is appropriately allocated to avoid congestion. It also performs authentication, policy enforcement, and quality of service management, which are all vital to providing a smooth, reliable experience for users. The absence of this infrastructure leads to bottlenecks and limitations in how data is managed, leading to degraded service quality and delayed service rollout.

Impact of Missing 5G Core Network on Jio’s Proxy Operations

Jio’s proxy operations, which are an intermediary step in delivering the 5G experience to its users, are directly impacted by the missing core network. The proxy essentially serves as a temporary measure to provide 5G services while the full-scale 5G core infrastructure is still under development. While this approach allows for some level of service, it has inherent limitations that prevent Jio from offering the true potential of 5G.

One of the key impacts is the reduced efficiency in traffic management. In a fully functional 5G core network, there is a sophisticated mechanism to manage and prioritize traffic, ensuring optimal performance for high-demand applications. The proxy, lacking this level of sophistication, struggles to handle peak traffic loads, leading to service interruptions and a lower-quality user experience. Furthermore, Jio’s ability to support advanced 5G features such as network slicing, which allows for customized network resources for different applications, is limited.

Another challenge lies in scalability. As Jio expands its 5G coverage, the proxy model may not be able to keep up with the increasing demand for high-speed data and connectivity. The absence of a robust core network means that Jio will struggle to maintain the same level of service quality across larger geographical areas and more dense urban environments, where traffic congestion and signal interference are more prevalent.

Forecast on the Technical Limitations of Option 6 Network Deployment

Option 6 is a temporary solution for rolling out 5G services that does not rely on a fully deployed 5G core network. This deployment method leverages existing 4G LTE core infrastructure to handle certain 5G functions. However, this approach comes with several technical limitations that may hinder the full realization of 5G’s potential.

1. Reduced Latency and Throughput

One of the most significant limitations of Option 6 is the reduced latency and throughput compared to a full 5G core network. Since Option 6 uses the 4G core for managing 5G traffic, the data transmission speeds and latency are not on par with what a true 5G system can offer. This leads to slower speeds for users, which is particularly problematic for time-sensitive applications like gaming, video conferencing, and augmented reality.

2. Limited Network Slicing

Network slicing is one of the standout features of 5G, allowing operators to create isolated virtual networks tailored to specific use cases. However, Option 6 does not support network slicing to the extent that a full 5G core would. This means that Jio cannot provide dedicated bandwidth or resources to specific applications, reducing the ability to customize services for different customer needs.

3. Inability to Fully Leverage 5G’s Potential

The lack of a complete 5G core network severely restricts Jio’s ability to fully leverage the potential of 5G technologies. Features such as ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) and massive machine-type communications (mMTC) are limited or unavailable. This affects industries that rely on these technologies for innovations in IoT, autonomous vehicles, and industrial automation.

Strategic Responses to Mitigate the Impact

To mitigate the impact of the missing 5G core network, Jio must consider several strategic responses. The first is to prioritize the phased deployment of the full 5G core network to address the gaps in functionality and performance. This could involve collaboration with core network providers to ensure a smooth transition from the proxy model to the full 5G infrastructure.

Secondly, Jio should invest in edge computing to reduce latency and improve performance. By deploying edge servers closer to end users, Jio can offload some of the data processing tasks from the core network, improving efficiency and speed.

Lastly, Jio could explore hybrid models that combine both 4G and 5G networks to balance the load and optimize resource usage. This approach may not offer the full benefits of a 5G core but can help improve service until the full deployment is completed.

Conclusion: Long-term Outlook and the Path Forward

While the missing 5G core network presents significant challenges for Jio’s proxy operations and the deployment of Option 6, these limitations are not insurmountable. By strategically addressing the gaps in infrastructure and gradually transitioning to a full 5G core network, Jio can ensure that it remains competitive in the rapidly evolving 5G landscape. However, it will be crucial for the company to act swiftly to overcome these technical barriers and deliver on the promises of 5G for its customers. The long-term outlook is positive, provided that Jio stays committed to developing a robust and scalable 5G infrastructure.

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