How to fix DNS server not responding error on Windows?

The "DNS server not responding" error is a common issue faced by Windows users when trying to access websites or other online services. This error occurs when your computer is unable to communicate with the Domain Name System (DNS) server, which is responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses. As a result, your browser or application may display a "server not found" or "page cannot be displayed" message. There are several potential causes for this error, including incorrect network settings, problems with the DNS server itself, or issues with your local network configuration. In this article, we will provide detailed steps and solutions to help you resolve this issue and restore your internet connection.

Understanding the DNS Server Not Responding Error

When you attempt to access a website, your computer sends a request to the DNS server to convert the website's domain name (like "example.com") into an IP address that your computer can understand. If the DNS server fails to respond or cannot complete this task, it triggers the "DNS server not responding" error.

This error can manifest in various ways:

- You may see a "Server not found" message in your browser.

- Your computer may fail to connect to the internet.

- Applications relying on the internet may show connection errors.

Understanding the underlying causes of this problem is key to resolving it effectively. Below are some of the common reasons why this error occurs on Windows.

Common Causes of the DNS Server Not Responding Error

1. Network Configuration Issues

Incorrect network settings on your Windows computer, such as improper DNS settings or incorrect IP configurations, can cause the DNS server not to respond. This can happen if your computer is set to use a non-functioning DNS server or has issues with the network adapter settings.

2. DNS Server Problems

The DNS server you are trying to connect to may be experiencing downtime or issues, leading to delays or failure in resolving domain names. This issue can occur with both local DNS servers provided by your internet service provider (ISP) and public DNS servers.

3. Router or Modem Issues

Problems with your router or modem, such as network congestion, outdated firmware, or misconfigurations, can prevent your computer from accessing the DNS server properly.

4. Firewall or Antivirus Interference

Firewalls and antivirus software can sometimes block DNS requests or interfere with the normal functioning of your network. These programs may mistakenly flag DNS requests as potential security threats, leading to connectivity issues.

5. ISP or Internet Connectivity Problems

Sometimes, issues with your internet service provider (ISP) can cause DNS failures. This may include service outages, DNS server failures, or slow DNS resolution times.

Step-by-Step Solutions to Fix DNS Server Not Responding Error

Now that we have a better understanding of the potential causes, let’s explore several steps you can take to resolve the "DNS server not responding" error on Windows.

1. Check Your Network Connection

Before diving into more complex solutions, it’s important to ensure that your computer is properly connected to the network.

- Verify physical connections: Ensure that your Ethernet cable is securely connected or that your Wi-Fi network is working correctly.

- Restart your router and modem: Power cycle your router and modem by unplugging them for about 10-15 seconds and then plugging them back in. This can often resolve temporary connectivity issues.

2. Flush DNS Cache

Your computer stores DNS information to speed up subsequent requests to websites. However, sometimes the DNS cache may become corrupted or outdated, leading to connectivity issues.

To flush the DNS cache:

1. Open the Command Prompt as an administrator (right-click the Start button and select "Command Prompt (Admin)").

2. Type the following command and press Enter:

```

ipconfig /flushdns

```

3. Restart your computer to ensure the changes take effect.

3. Change DNS Servers

If the default DNS servers provided by your ISP are unreliable, you can change your DNS server settings to use more reliable public DNS servers, such as Google's DNS or OpenDNS.

To change your DNS servers:

1. Open "Control Panel" and navigate to "Network and Sharing Center."

2. Click on your network connection (e.g., Wi-Fi or Ethernet) and select "Properties."

3. In the Properties window, scroll down and double-click on "Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)."

4. Select the option "Use the following DNS server addresses" and enter the DNS server addresses of your preferred provider (e.g., Google's DNS servers are 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4).

5. Click "OK" to save the changes and restart your computer.

4. Reset TCP/IP Stack

Resetting the TCP/IP stack can help resolve networking issues, including DNS errors.

To reset the TCP/IP stack:

1. Open the Command Prompt as an administrator.

2. Type the following command and press Enter:

```

netsh int ip reset

```

3. Restart your computer to apply the changes.

5. Disable IPv6

Some users have reported that disabling IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) can help resolve DNS server issues on Windows.

To disable IPv6:

1. Open "Control Panel" and go to "Network and Sharing Center."

2. Click on your active network connection and select "Properties."

3. In the Properties window, uncheck the box next to "Internet Protocol Version 6 (TCP/IPv6)."

4. Click "OK" to apply the changes.

6. Disable Antivirus and Firewall Temporarily

Antivirus software or firewalls may block DNS requests, especially if they misidentify them as potential threats. Try temporarily disabling your antivirus and firewall to check if they are causing the DNS server error.

To disable the firewall and antivirus:

1. Right-click on the antivirus icon in the system tray and choose "Disable."

2. Open "Control Panel" and navigate to "Windows Defender Firewall."

3. Select "Turn Windows Defender Firewall on or off" and turn it off temporarily.

Be sure to turn the firewall and antivirus back on after testing.

7. Contact Your ISP

If none of the above solutions work, the issue may lie with your ISP or the DNS server they provide. Contact your ISP’s customer support and explain the issue you’re facing. They may be able to diagnose and resolve the problem from their end.

The "DNS server not responding" error on Windows can be frustrating, but with the right troubleshooting steps, you can restore your internet connection. By checking your network settings, flushing the DNS cache, changing DNS servers, and resetting your network configuration, you can address the root causes of the problem. If these steps do not resolve the issue, contacting your ISP may be the next best step. By following the solutions outlined in this article, you should be able to regain a stable internet connection and prevent future DNS-related errors.